- [ Purpose of the Examination ]
- The purpose of this examination is to test whether international students have the basic academic ability in science necessary for studying at universities or other higher educational institutions in Japan.
- [ Classification of the Examination ]
- The examination consists of three subjects: physics, chemistry, and biology. Examinees are required to select two of these subjects.
- [ Scope of Questions ]
- The scope of questions is as follows. What is taught in elementary and junior high schools in Japan is regarded as already learned and therefore to be included in the scope of the EJU. For each subject, the contents are grouped and presented by topic titles or key scientific terms.
Physics
The scope of questions will follow the scope of “Basic Physics” and “Advanced Physics” of the Course of Study for high schools in Japan.
I Mechanics
1. Motion and force
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(1)Description of motion
Position, displacement, velocity, acceleration, relative motion, free fall, projectile motion -
(2)Various forces
Force, gravity, frictional force, normal force, tension, elastic force, force exerted by liquid or gas -
(3)Equilibrium of forces
Resultant and resolution of forces, equilibrium of forces -
(4)Equilibrium of forces acting on rigid bodies
Torque, resultant force, couple of forces, equilibrium of rigid bodies, center of mass -
(5)Laws of motion
Newton’s laws of motion, unit of force and equation of motion, system of units and dimension -
(6)Motion in the presence of friction and/or air resistance
Static friction force, kinetic friction force, air resistance and terminal velocity
2. Energy and momentum
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(1)Work and kinetic energy
Principle of work, power, kinetic energy -
(2)Potential energy
Potential energy due to gravity, potential energy due to elastic force - (3)Conservation of mechanical energy
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(4)Momentum and impulse
Momentum and impulse, law of conservation of momentum, fission and coalescence -
(5)Collision and mechanical energy
Coefficient of restitution, elastic collision, inelastic collision
3. Various forces and motions
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(1)Uniform circular motion
Velocity and angular velocity, period and rotational frequency, acceleration and centripetal force, centripetal force in non-uniform circular motion -
(2)Inertial force
Inertial force, centrifugal force -
(3)Simple harmonic motion
Displacement, velocity, acceleration, restoring force, amplitude, period, frequency, phase, angular frequency, spring pendulum, simple pendulum, energy of simple harmonic motion -
(4)Universal gravitation
Planetary motion (Kepler’s laws), universal gravitation, gravity, universal gravitational potential energy, conservation of mechanical energy
II Thermodynamics
1. Heat and temperature
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(1)Heat and temperature
Thermal motion, thermal equilibrium, temperature, absolute temperature, heat quantity, heat capacity, specific heat (specific heat capacity), conservation of heat quantity -
(2)States of matter
Three states of matter (gas, liquid, solid), melting point, boiling point, heat of fusion, heat of evaporation, latent heat, thermal expansion -
(3)Heat and work
Heat and work, internal energy, the first law of thermodynamics, irreversible change, heat engine, thermal efficiency, the second law of thermodynamics
2. Properties of gas
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(1)Equation of state of ideal gas
Boyle’s law, Charles’ law, Boyle-Charles’ law, equation of state of ideal gas -
(2)Motion of gas molecules
Motion of gas molecules and pressure/absolute temperature, internal energy of gas, monatomic molecules, diatomic molecules -
(3)Change of state of gases
Isochoric change, isobaric change, isothermal change, adiabatic change, molar specific heat
III Waves
1. Waves
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(1)Properties of waves
Wave motion, medium, wave source, transverse and longitudinal waves -
(2)Propagation of waves and how to express it
Wave form, amplitude, period, frequency, wave length, speed of wave, sinusoidal waves, phase, energy of wave -
(3)Superposition principle and Huygens’ principle
Superposition principle, interference, standing waves (stationary waves), Huygens’ principle, law of reflection, law of refraction, diffraction
2. Sound
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(1)Properties and propagation of sound
Speed of sound, reflection, refraction, diffraction and interference of sound, beat -
(2)Vibration of sounding body and resonance
Vibration of string, vibration of air column, resonance -
(3)Doppler effect
Doppler effect with moving sound source, with moving observer, with moving sound source and moving observer
3. Light
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(1)Properties of light
Visible light, white light, monochromatic light, light and color, spectrum, dispersion, polarization -
(2)Propagation of light
Speed of light, reflection and refraction of light, total reflection, scattering of light, lenses, spherical mirrors -
(3)Diffraction and interference of light
Diffraction, interference, Young’s experiment, diffraction grating, thin-film interference, air wedge interference
IV Electricity and Magnetism
1. Electric field
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(1)Electrostatic force
Charged object, electric charge, electric quantity, principle of conservation of charge, Coulomb’s law -
(2)Electric field
Electric field, electric field of a point charge, principle of superposition of electric field, lines of electric force -
(3)Electric potential
Potential energy due to electrostatic force, electric potential and potential difference, electric potential of a point charge, equipotential surfaces -
(4)Matter in electric fields
Conductor in an electric field, electrostatic induction, electrostatic shielding, grounding, insulator in an electric field, dielectric polarization -
(5)Capacitors
Capacitors, electric capacitance, dielectrics, electrostatic energy stored in a capacitor, connection of capacitors
2. Electric current
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(1)Electric current
Electric current, voltage, Ohm’s law, resistance and resistivity, Joule heat, electric power, electric energy -
(2)Direct current circuits
Series and parallel connections of resistors, ammeters, voltmeters, Kirchhoff’s rules, electromotive force and internal resistance of batteries, measurement of resistance, measurement of electromotive force, temperature dependence of resistivity, circuit with capacitors -
(3)Semiconductors
n-type semiconductors, p-type semiconductors, p-n junctions, diodes
3. Current and magnetic fields
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(1)Magnetic fields
Magnets, magnetic poles, magnetic force, magnetic charge, magnetic field, lines of magnetic force, magnetization, magnetic materials, density of magnetic flux, permeability, magnetic flux -
(2) Magnetic fields generated by currents
Magnetic field generated by a linear current, magnetic field generated by a circular current, magnetic field generated by a solenoid current -
(3)Magnetic forces on currents
Magnetic force on a linear current, force between parallel currents -
(4)Lorentz force
Lorentz force, motion of charged particles in a magnetic field, Hall effect
4. Electromagnetic induction and electromagnetic waves
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(1)Laws of electromagnetic induction
Electromagnetic induction, Lenz’s law, Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction, induced electromotive force in a conductor crossing a magnetic field, Lorentz force and induced electromotive force, eddy currents -
(2)Self-induction, mutual induction
Self-induction, self-inductance, energy stored in a coil, mutual induction, mutual inductance, transformers -
(3)Alternating current (AC)
Generation of AC, AC voltage, AC, phase, frequency, angular frequency, AC flowing through a resistor, effective values -
(4)AC circuits
Reactance of a coil and phase difference, reactance of a capacitor and phase difference, electric power consumption, impedance of AC circuits, resonant circuits, oscillation circuits -
(5)Electromagnetic waves
Electromagnetic waves, generation of electromagnetic waves, properties of electromagnetic waves, classification of electromagnetic waves
V Atoms
1. Electrons and light
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(1)Electrons
Discharge, cathode rays, electrons, specific charge, elementary electric charge -
(2)Wave-particle duality
Photoelectric effect, photons, X-rays, Compton effect, Bragg reflection, matter waves, interference and diffraction of electron beams
2. Atoms and nuclei
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(1)Structure of atoms
Nucleus, spectrum of hydrogen atom, Bohr’s model of atoms, energy level -
(2)Nuclei
Composition of nuclei, isotopes, atomic mass unit, atomic weight, nuclear decay, radiation, radioactivity, half-life, nuclear reactions, nuclear energy, mass-energy equivalence -
(3)Elementary particles
Elementary particles, four kinds of fundamental forces
